{"id":67,"date":"2018-12-25T16:57:56","date_gmt":"2018-12-25T15:57:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wilbur.treemed.cz\/?p=67"},"modified":"2022-03-11T01:07:47","modified_gmt":"2022-03-11T00:07:47","slug":"vratkova-teorie-bolesti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/vratkova-teorie-bolesti\/","title":{"rendered":"Vr\u00e1tkov\u00e1 teorie bolesti"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Nov\u00e9\nmo\u017enosti nefarmakologick\u00e9 redukce bolesti i miniinvazivn\u00edch z\u00e1krok\u016f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>New\napproaches to non-pharmacological pain relief during miniinvasive procedures<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MUDr. Kate\u0159ina Klauzov\u00e1, MBA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bolest:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bolest je nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd senzorick\u00fd i emotivn\u00ed\nz\u00e1\u017eitek spojen\u00fd se skute\u010dn\u00fdm nebo potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u0161kozen\u00edm tk\u00e1n\u011b, nebo kter\u00fd je\nv term\u00ednech takov\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed popisov\u00e1n. Takto byla stanovena definice bolesti\nv&nbsp;roce 1979 Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed pro l\u00e9\u010dbu bolesti (International\nAssociation for the Study of Pain \u2013 IASP). Zjednodu\u0161enou verzi uvedl &nbsp;Mc Caffey v&nbsp;roce 1990. Bolest je to, co\npacient za bolest pova\u017euje, v m\u00edstech, kde s\u00e1m ukazuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Patofyziologie\nbolesti:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e9ka\u0159i Patrick Wall a Ronald Melzack\nv&nbsp;roce 1965 vytvo\u0159ily teorii o&nbsp;p\u0159enosu bolesti \u2013 tzv. <strong>VR\u00c1TKOVOU\nTEORII<\/strong>, kde hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou \u00falohu ve veden\u00ed bolesti m\u00edcha. V&nbsp;roce 1975 Hans Kosterlitz\nobjevil <strong>ENDORFINY <\/strong>a <strong>ENKEFALINY<\/strong>, vnit\u0159n\u00ed morfiov\u00e9 deriv\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9\nse tvo\u0159\u00ed v&nbsp;mozku a navozuj\u00ed analg\u00e9zii. Tento objev velice vhodn\u011b doplnil vr\u00e1tkovou\nteorii. Veden\u00ed bolesti a jej\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed je komplexn\u00ed a\nslo\u017eit\u00fd proces a dosud je podrobov\u00e1no zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Veden\u00ed\nbolesti:<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na periferii existuj\u00ed specifick\u00e9 a\nnespecifick\u00e9 receptory bolesti \u2013 tzv. <strong>nocisenzory<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 reaguj\u00ed na\nbolestiv\u00e9 podn\u011bty. Informace o bolesti je vedena nervov\u00fdmi vl\u00e1kny do zadn\u00edch\nprovazc\u016f m\u00ed\u0161n\u00edch &#8211; do Rexedov\u00fdch z\u00f3n. &nbsp;Z&nbsp;Rexedov\u00fdch\nz\u00f3n je bolest vedena n\u011bkolika drahami do CNS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Vr\u00e1tkov\u00e1\n(hradlov\u00e1) teorie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V zadn\u00edch roz\u00edch m\u00ed\u0161n\u00edch je <strong>substantia\ngelatinosa Rolandi<\/strong>, kde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed veden\u00ed bolesti, je zde um\u00edst\u011bna\ntzv. m\u00ed\u0161n\u00ed p\u0159evodn\u00ed (transmis\u00ed) bu\u0148ka (T bu\u0148ka) \u2013 kter\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed zpracovan\u00fd\nsign\u00e1l z periferie do vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch et\u00e1\u017e\u00ed CNS a z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na p\u0159evaze aferentn\u00ed informace\nz ur\u010dit\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken. Ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed je i descendentn\u00ed zp\u011btn\u011b z vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch et\u00e1\u017e\u00ed CNS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Tenk\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna A delta <\/strong>(rychl\u00e1 slo\u017eka bolesti) a C (pomal\u00e1 slo\u017eka bolesti)\u2013 podmi\u0148uj\u00ed vznik bolesti (otev\u00edraj\u00ed vr\u00e1tka)<\/li><li><strong>Siln\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna A beta <\/strong>(vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed dotyku, tlaku, a vibrac\u00ed)\u2013 tlum\u00ed veden\u00ed bolesti (p\u0159iv\u00edraj\u00ed vr\u00e1tka)<\/li><li><strong>Descendentn\u00ed inhibi\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m <\/strong>\u2013 tlum\u00ed veden\u00ed bolesti (p\u0159iv\u00edr\u00e1 vr\u00e1tka)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Vr\u00e1tkov\u00e1 teorie bolesti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1667\" height=\"1667\" src=\"http:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Gate-Control-01-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-76\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed\nbolesti \u2013 fyziologick\u00e9:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Organizmus s\u00e1m dok\u00e1\u017ee ovlivnit vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed bolesti\n\u2013 tzv. <strong>Descendentn\u00ed inhibi\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m DIS<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> Pat\u0159\u00ed do n\u011bj k\u016fra\nmozkov\u00e1, thalamus, retikul\u00e1rn\u00ed formace, locus coeruleus a mozkov\u00fd kmen.DIS vede dr\u00e1hami k zadn\u00edm roh\u016fm m\u00ed\u0161n\u00edm,\n\u201ep\u0159iv\u00edr\u00e1 vr\u00e1tka\u201c a sni\u017euje veden\u00ed bolesti. <strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed\nbolesti \u2013 nefarmakologick\u00e9:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nefarmakologick\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 pom\u016fcka (BUZZY)\nvyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159irozenou fyziologii veden\u00ed bolesti.&nbsp;\nAktivuje d\u00edky vibrac\u00edm a chlazen\u00ed vl\u00e1kna typu A beta a omezuje veden\u00ed\nbolestiv\u00fdch podn\u011bt\u016f z m\u00edsta po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u010di m\u00edsta pl\u00e1novan\u00e9ho miniinvazivn\u00edho z\u00e1kroku\nvl\u00e1kny typu A delta a C , vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 <strong>VR\u00c1TKOVOU TEORII<\/strong> veden\u00ed bolesti. D\u00edky vhodn\u00e9mu\np\u0159\u00edstupu lze zejm\u00e9na u d\u011bt\u00ed aktivovat i descendentn\u00ed inhibi\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti nefarmakologick\u00e9 redukce bolesti i miniinvazivn\u00edch z\u00e1krok\u016f New approaches to non-pharmacological pain relief during miniinvasive procedures MUDr. Kate\u0159ina Klauzov\u00e1, MBA Bolest: Bolest je nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd senzorick\u00fd i emotivn\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitek spojen\u00fd se skute\u010dn\u00fdm nebo potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u0161kozen\u00edm tk\u00e1n\u011b, nebo kter\u00fd je v term\u00ednech takov\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed popisov\u00e1n. Takto byla stanovena definice bolesti v&nbsp;roce<span class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/vratkova-teorie-bolesti\/\">\u010d\u00edst d\u00e1l \u2192<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["entry","author-kaca","post-67","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-info"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":339,"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67\/revisions\/339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.treemed.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}